AdventOfCode2020/08/main.go

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
	partOne()
	partTwo()
}

type opCode struct {
	operation string
	value     int
}

type register struct {
	value int
}

type registry map[string]*register

type program []opCode

func lineToOp(s string) opCode {
	sp := strings.Split(s, " ")
	i, _ := strconv.Atoi(sp[1])
	return opCode{
		operation: sp[0],
		value:     i,
	}
}

// take registry, program, current opcode location, perform operation if possible, return next opcode location
func execute(r registry, p program, i int) (int, error) {
	if i >= len(p) {
		return -1, fmt.Errorf("program terminates")
	}
	currentOp := p[i]
	switch currentOp.operation {
	case "nop":
		return i + 1, nil
	case "acc":
		r["acc"].value = r["acc"].value + currentOp.value
		return i + 1, nil
	case "jmp":
		return i + currentOp.value, nil
	default:
		return -1, fmt.Errorf("unknown opcode")
	}
}

// The boot code is represented as a text file with one instruction per line of text.
// Each instruction consists of an operation (acc, jmp, or nop) and an argument (a signed number like +4 or -20).

// * `acc` increases or decreases a single global value called the accumulator by the value given in the argument.
//   For example, acc +7 would increase the accumulator by 7. The accumulator starts at 0.
//   After an acc instruction, the instruction immediately below it is executed next.
// * `jmp` jumps to a new instruction relative to itself.
//   The next instruction to execute is found using the argument as an offset from the jmp instruction;
//   for example, jmp +2 would skip the next instruction, jmp +1 would continue to the instruction immediately below it,
//   and jmp -20 would cause the instruction 20 lines above to be executed next.
// * `nop` stands for No OPeration - it does nothing. The instruction immediately below it is executed next.

// Run your copy of the boot code. Immediately before any instruction is executed a second time, what value is in the accumulator?

func partOne() {
	f, _ := os.Open("input")
	reader := bufio.NewReader(f)
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(reader)

	prog := program{}
	for scanner.Scan() {
		line := scanner.Text()
		prog = append(prog, lineToOp(line))
	}

	reg := registry{
		"acc": &register{
			value: 0,
		},
	}
	currentOp := 0
	executedLines := []int{}
	for {
		executedLines = append(executedLines, currentOp)
		nextOp, err := execute(reg, prog, currentOp)
		if nextOp == -1 || err != nil {
			fmt.Println(err.Error())
			break
		}
		for _, j := range executedLines {
			if nextOp == j {
				fmt.Println(reg["acc"].value)
				return
			}
		}
		currentOp = nextOp
	}
}

// The program is supposed to terminate by attempting to execute an instruction immediately after the last instruction in the file.
// By changing exactly one jmp or nop, you can repair the boot code and make it terminate correctly.
// Fix the program so that it terminates normally by changing exactly one jmp (to nop) or nop (to jmp).
// What is the value of the accumulator after the program terminates?

func partTwo() {
	f, _ := os.Open("input")
	reader := bufio.NewReader(f)
	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(reader)

	prog := program{}

	for scanner.Scan() {
		line := scanner.Text()
		prog = append(prog, lineToOp(line))
	}

	// guess we're just going to brute-force this huh
	for i := range prog {
		newP := make(program, len(prog))
		copy(newP, prog)
		if prog[i].operation == "jmp" {
			newP[i].operation = "nop"
		} else if prog[i].operation == "nop" {
			newP[i].operation = "jmp"
		}
		result, err := isolatedProgramRunner(newP)
		if err == nil {
			fmt.Println(result)
			return
		}
	}
}

func isolatedProgramRunner(p program) (int, error) {
	reg := registry{
		"acc": &register{
			value: 0,
		},
	}
	executedLines := []int{}

	currentOp := 0
	for {
		executedLines = append(executedLines, currentOp)
		nextOp, err := execute(reg, p, currentOp)
		if nextOp == -1 {
			return reg["acc"].value, nil
		}
		if err != nil {
			return -1, err
		}
		for _, j := range executedLines {
			if nextOp == j {
				return -1, fmt.Errorf("program loops")
			}
		}
		currentOp = nextOp
	}
}